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DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 501: MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY Credit hrs 2+0 (Marks- 100); July-December Semester; CompulsoryUltrastructune of cells: Cell membrane, nucleus, mitrochondia, chloroplast, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, their functions.
Membranes and Transport: Diffusion, active transport; transport ATPase, vitamins, hormones. Signal transduction.
Cell Cycles: Eukaryotic cell cycles, phases of cell cycles and their regulation.
Chromosome Structure: Components of chromosomes, DNA and RNA. Histones and non-histones; packaging of DNA, nucleosomes, euchromatin and heterochromatin.
DNA Structure: Concept, chemical structure and base composition of nucleic acids, Watson and Crick double helical structures. Forces stabilizing nucleic acid structure, supercoiled DNA. Different physico-chemical properties of DNA, denaturation and renaturation of DNA, nucleic acid sequencing, chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides.
DNA Replication: Mode of replication, enzymes of replication, prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication and control of DNA synthesis, repair of DNA, gene amplification.
Organization of Eukaryotic Genome: Gene and gene numbers; C-value paradox; replication; Gene amplification, chromosomal redundency, repetitive DNA and its relevance to plants and animals; inverted and tandem repeats.
Dynamic Genome: Mobile genetic elements in eukaryotes relevante to plants; studies in maize; Drosophila.
Regulation of Prokaryotic Gene Expression: Operon, inducible and repressible systems; positive and negative control; complexity of eukaryotic genetics.
Books Recommended
Alberts, B., D. Bray and J. Lewis. 1998. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Pub., New
York. Brown, T.A. 1998. Recombinant DNA. Academic Press, London. Darnell, J., H. Lodesh and D. Baltimore. 1996. Molecular Cell Biology. W.H. Freeman & Co.,
New York. Freefelder, D. 1985. Essentials of Molecular Biology. Narosa Publishing House, New
Delhi. Gupta, P.K. 1997. Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India. Henry, R.J. 1984. Practical Applications of Plant Molecular Biology. Chapman and Hall
Pub., London. Lewin B. 2000. Genes VII, Sixth Ed. Oxford University Press, USA. Stansfield, W.D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw
Hill Co., New York. Westhoff, P. 1998. Molecular Plant Development. Oxford University Press, New York. Wolfe, S.L. 1998. Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wardsworth, Belmont.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 502: MOLECULAR GENETICS
Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Compulsory
Gene Concept: Mendelian and Molecular concept of gene, complementation test for functional allelism; fine structure of genes and complex loci in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; genes within genes in Phage X 174.
Gene Linkage and Chromosome Mapping: Linkage and recombination of genes in chromosome, crossing over, its molecular mechanism, gene mapping by three point test crosses, mapping by tetrad analysis, recombination within genes.
Viral Genetics: Bacteriophages, genome organization and its expression, viruses of eukaryotes, structure and infection cycles, animal viruses, phages, functions of different gene products, M-13 phages, phage induced mutation.
Bacterial Genetics: Transformation, transduction and conjugation. general, restricted and abortive transduction. Mechanism of recombination in bacteria IS and TN elements. E coli recombination system and genes involved in important mutants of E coli in genetic engineering. Plasmids, their replication, copy number and compatibility.
Fungal Genetics: Alternation of generation, study of Alternaria, Neurospora and yeasts genetics.
Mutation: Types of mutation and mutagens; molecular basis of mutation, repair mechinisms in DNA mutation, correlation between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Site-directed mutagenesis, Tn mutagenesis, in vitro mutagenesis, mutation rate/frequency.
Books Recommended
Brown, T.A. 1992. Genetics- A Molecular Approach -2nd Ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold Intl. London.
De-Robertis FDP and E.M.F. De-Robertis Jr. 1991. Cell and Molecular Biology, Saunders, Philadelphia.
Freifelder, D. 1987. Microbial Genetics. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc, Boston.
Gardner, F.J., M. J. Simmons and D.P. Sunstad. 1991. Principles of Genetics, 8th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Griffiths, A.J.F., J.H. Miller, D.T. Suzuki, R.C. Lewontin and W.M. Gelbart. 1996. An Introduction to Genetics Analysis, Sixth Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co.
Gupta, P.K. 1997. Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India.
Hartl, D.L. 1994. Genetics, Jones and Bartlert Pub., London.
Stansfield, W.D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw Hill Co., New York.
Tamarin, R.H. 1996. Principles of Genetics, Fifth-ed. W.C. Brown Pub., UK.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 503: GENE EXPRESSION AND REGULATION Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Compulsory
Molecular Biology of Organelles: Extra nuclear hereditary materials; genomes of mitochondria and plastid-interaction with nucleus; Rubisco-a case study of duel control of its synthesis by nucleus as well as plastome.
Transcription: DNA as template, regulation of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, promoters, terminators, post transcriptional splicing and processing of mRNA, rRNA, tRNA; RNA as an enzyme.
Translation: Path from gene to proteins, gene protein relationship. Colinearity of gene and protein structure. Genetic code, specificity, redundancy control of translation, posttranslational modifications and transport, protein targeting, non-ribosomal polypeptide synthesis, antibiotics and translation.
Gene Expression: Operon concept, lytic cascade and lysogenic repression, DNA methylation, etc. chromosomal activation, regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes, cell differentiation and oncogenes.
Regulation of Gene Expression: Transcription RNA polymerases, sigma factors in eukaryotes; heterogeneous nuclear RNA; messenger RNA-structure and complexity; interrupted genes and RNA splicing; expression of specific genes; genes for ribosomal RNA; histone genes, global genes; heat shock genes; leghaemoglobin genes; genes for storage proteins of legumes and cereals; possible role of middle repetitive DNA in control of gene expression; Britten- Davidson model.
In vivo Expression Techniques: Subtraction hybridization, transposon tagging, promoter trapping, activation tagging.
Books Recommended
Adams, R.L.P., J.T. Knowler and D.P. Leader. 1992. The Biochemistry of Nucleic Acids, 11th Ed. Champman & Hall, New York.
Alberts, B., D. Bray, J. Lewis, M. Rolf, K. Roberts, and J. D. Watson. 1994. Molecular Biology of the Cell. (3rd ed). Garland Publishing Inc, New York.
Darnal. J., H. Lodish and D. Baltimoye. 1990. Molecular Cell Biology, 2nd Ed. Scientific American Books. New York.
Freifelder, D. 1987. Molecular Biology. 2nd ed. Jones Bartlett Pub Inc, Boston.
Lehninger, A.L., D. L. Nelson and M.M. Cox. 1993. Principles of Biochemistry, 2nd Ed. Worth Pub., New York.
Lewin, B. 1998. Gene VII. Oxford University Prees, USA.
Rawn, J.D. 1989. Biochemistry, Niel Patterson Pub., USA.
Reynolds, P.H.S. 1999. Inducible Gene Expression in Plant. CABI Publication, New York.
Stryer, L. 1995. Biochemistry, 4th Ed., W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology
Biotech 504: BIOMETRY AND BIOINFORMATICS Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Compulsory
Biological Data Organization and Processing: Biological data, parameter calculation, data, editing and entry, software and their utility for biological and biotechnological data analysis and system demonstration.
Biostatistical and Biometrical Experimentation: Design, data collection, data analysis, sampling, mean separation, precision of results. Co-relation and Regressing, path co-efficient, Chi-Squae-Test. Estimating of missing data, data transformation.
Interpretation and presentation of results: Interpretation, presentation and discussion of results, technical writing in BT, project planning and writing.
Bioinformatics: Usage of IT in biotechnology; E-Mail, internet browsing for retireval and dissemination of biological information.
Biotechnological Usage: Sequence reading, gene library, sequence homology study, restriction sites. QTL mapping, genetic drift effect study, segregation and linkage analysis.
Gel Documentation System: Gel imaging, editing, storing, printing.
Books Recommended
Agarwal A. K. 1993. Mastering PC Software, University Press. Hunt, R. and J. Shelley. 1994. Computer and Common Sense, PHI Pub., USA. Peter N. 1995. Introduction to Computers, MacMillan, New York. Satish J. 1994. O Level Computer Fundamental Make Simple, BPB, New Delhi. Steel RGD and JH Torrie. 1981. Principles and procedures of statistics with special reference tothe Biological Sciences. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York. Subramanian, N. 1989. Introduction to Computers; Fundametals of Systems Analysis and Basic Programming, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. Weir, BS. 1998. Genetic Data Analysis. Sinauer Associates Inc.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 505: RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; Compulsory
Enzymes:
Restriction enzyme, DNA polymerase, ligase, kinase, phosphatase, reverse transcriptase, exonuclease, ribonuclease, Proteinase.Cloning Vectors: Plasmid, cosmid, phage, phagemid, transponson etc.
Gene Cloning: Isolation of mRNA and construction of cDNA library and genomic library, Screening of gene libraries by PCR, DNA hybridization, colony hybridization, Southern blotting, Northern blotting, immunoscreening assay and protein activity.
Labelling of Nucleic Acids: Radioactive and non-radioactive labelling techniques, nick translation, end labelling, primer extension.
Prokaryotic Transformation: Transferring DNA into E. coli, chemical induction and electroporation.
Marker Genes: Selectable, screenable and nonantibiotic markers.
DNA Delivery: Direct and indirect methods; through physical, chemical and biological processes.
Gene Expression in Prokaryotes: Tissue specific promoter, wound inducible promoters, strong and regulatable promoters; increasing protein production; fusion proteins; translation expression vectors; DNA integration into bacterial genome; increasing secretions. Protein/enzyme purification, characterization and crystallization.
Gene Recombination: Site specific recombination, gene targeting, site directed mutagenesis; transposon mutagenesis.
Books Recommended
Ansubel, F.M., R. Brent, R.E. Kingston, D.D. Moore, J.A. Sidman, J.A. Smith and K. Struhl.
1993. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. Wiley Pub. Brown, T.A. 1998. Recombinant DNA. Academic Press, London. Cowell, I.G. and C.A. Austin. 1997. cDNA Library Protocols. Humana Press, New Jersey. Cunningham, C. and A.J.R. Porter. Recombinant Proteins form Plants. Humana Press, New
Jersey. Draper, J., R. Scott and P. Armttage. 1988. Plant Genetic Transformation and Gene Expression.
Black Well Scientific Pub., London. Glick, B.R. and J.J. Pasternak. 1988. Molecular Biotechnology, ASM Press, USA Glover, D.M. and B.D. Hames. 1995. DNA Cloning 1 and 2, IRL Press, USA. Glover, D.M., and B.D. Hames. 1995. DNA Cloning-1 Core Techniques: A Practical Approach.
Oxford University Press, New York. Old, R W and S.B. Primrose. 1989. Principles of Gene Manipulation. Blackwell Sci Pub. Sambrook, J., E.F. Fritsch and T. Maniatis. 1999. Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Press. Stansfield, W.D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw Hill Co.,
New York. Watson, J.D. 1992. Recombinant DNA, USA
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 506: GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; CompulsoryIntroduction: Conventional and modern concepts of transgenecity, importance and limitations.
Methods for Genetic Transformation: Direct methods and Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer, vector for plant cell transformatin, selectable markers, reporter gene and Promoters used in plant vectors.
Genetic Engineering in Plants: Seed quality, photosynthesis, N-fixation, virus resistance, pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, cytoplasmic male sterility, fruit ripening, senescence tolerance, resistance to fungi and bacteria, production of antibodies, viral antigens and peptide hormones in plants, nutritional improvement, biotic stress. Oxidative, salt and submergence stress. Genetic manipulation of flower pigmentation, provitamin A, iron, proteins in rice. Modification of food plant taste and appearance. Plant as bioreactorantibodies, polymers, foreign proteins in seeds. Edible vaccines in food products genome mapping.
Genetic Engineering in Fish and Animals: Production of transgenic animal and fish; cloning vectors and expression vectors, genetic engineering as applied to production of regulatory proteins, blood products, vaccines and hormones. Molecular basis of diseases resistance, dairy products and milk quality.
Genetic Engineering in Medicine and Industry: Commercial synthesis of hormones, vaccines, gene therapy, disease diagnosis. Large scale preparation of organic chemicals, biomining, biogas, microorganisms from production of feed for livestock. Monoclonal antibodies and their applications.
GMO Debate: Ethics and issues regarding genetically modified organisms. Religious and social acceptance of GMOs.
Books Recommended
Bajaj, YPS. 1989. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry: Springer Verlag, The NetherlandsBrown, T.A. 1998. Recombinant DNA. Academic Press, London.
Cowell, I.G. and C.A. Austin. 1997. cDNA Library Protocols. Humana Press, New Jersey.
Cunningham, C. and A.J.R. Porter. Recombinant Proteins form Plants. Humana Press, New Jersey.
Draper, J., R. Scott and P. Armttage. 1988. Plant Genetic Transformation and Gene Expression. Black Well Scientific Pub., London.
Fowler, EA. 1993. Techniques for Engineering Genes. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., UK.
Glover, D.M., and B.D. Hames. 1995. DNA Cloning-1 Core Techniques: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, New York.
Marx, JL. 1989. A Revolutions in Biotechnology. Cambridge Univ. Press, UK.
Mehga, P., D.F. Klessig, A.R. Oshmore, W. Cruissem, and J.E. Varner. 1995. Methods in Plants Molecular Bioloty, Cold Spring Harbour Lab. Press, New York.
Owen, R.R.L. and J. Pen. 1996. Transgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial and Pharmaceutical Proteins, British Library, UK.
Rasko I. and C.S. Downes. 1995. Genes in Medicine. Champan and Hall, London.
Strachan. R. A and A.P. Read. 1996. Human Molecular Genetics, John Willey and Sons, New York.
Wolff, J.E.D. 1993. Gene Therapeutics, Birkhuser., Germany.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 507: MOLECULAR MARKERS AND DIAGNOSTICSCredit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; Compulsory
Molecular Markers
Introduction:
Concept, genetic principles, variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs)/Minisattellite sequences, short tandem repeats (STRs)/Microsattellite sequences, hybrid arrester translation, hybrid released translation.DNA Fingerprinting: Hybridization based DNA fingerprinting (RFLP)- radioactive, fluorescent and chemiluminescent methods; PCR-based DNA fingerprinting-Single locus and multi-locus DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, AFLP. Application of PCR, RTPCR, LCR, differential display, RNA fingerprinting.
DNA Isolation: Isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood, soft tissues, semen, stains and swabs, bones, plant materials, seeds, callus.
Polymorphisms: Polymorphism of some genetic locus in relation to diseases
Applications of DNA Fingerprinting: Identification of genotypes/varieties/breeds/strains; animal and plant protection right, criminal investigation, immigration, paternity dispute, identification of missing children, bodies found in plane crush, road accidents etc.
Molecular Diagnostics Multiplex PCR: Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, abnormal mucus clearance, pancreatic insufficiency, abnormal salt transport, infertility in males.
ARMS-PCR: Detection of β-Thalassemia mutation
FMR-1 Gene Trinucleotide Repeat Analysis: Detection of Fragile X Syndrome. Mental retardation, long faces, large ear, prominent jaws, post-pubertal macroorchidism.
Genomic Southern Hybridization: Detection of Philadelphia chromosome; acute leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
Sequencing: Identification of bacterial species based on their sequences.
DNA Microarrays/DNA Chips/Gene Chips: Basic concept, design and applications.
Books Recommended
8 Freefelder, D. 1985. Essentials of Molecular Biology. Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi. Fowler, EA. 1993. Techniques for Engineering Genes. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., UK. Gupta, P.K. 1997. Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India. Henry, R.J. 1984. Practical Applications of Plant Molecular Biology. Chapman and Hall Pub.,London. Micklos, D.A. and G.A. Freyer. 1990. DNA Science, Cold Spring Harbor Lab Press, New York. Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India. Stansfield, W.D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw Hill Co.,
New York. Weising, K., H. Nybom, K. Woff, and W. Meyer. 1995. DNA Fingerprinting in Plants and Fungi. CRC Press, USA.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 508 – MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; CompulsoryCentrifugation techniques:
Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation, concept of continuous and zonal rotors, use of K and K factors, analytical ultracentrifuge.Isolation of plasmid DNA, genomic DNA, RNAs and Protein.
Electrophoretic Techniques: Theory, applications and types of starch, agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; paper, native and SDS-PAGE electrophoreses; isoelectric focussing, isotechophoresis, immuno-diffusion and immuno-electrophoresis methods.
Molecular Techniques: PCR, Southern, Northern and Western blotting, bioassay tests, sequencing.
Chromatography Techniques: Theory, applications and types of chromatography- paper, thin layer (TLC), gel filtration, ion-exchange, affinity, reverse-phase chromatography, GLC, HPLC and FPLC.
Radioisotopic Techniques: Introduction to radioisotopes, their uses and monitoring concept of counting efficiency, and autoradiography, radiation dosimetry. Labelling and measurements of radioactivity. Calculation of g-value.
Spectroscopic Techniques: Theory and applications of UV and visible spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, MS, NMR, PMR, ESR, plasma emission, spectroscopy, hydrodynamic methods, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption.
Purification and characterization: Enzymes, protein, crystallization.
Dialysis and Lyophilization: Protein, enzyme.
Books Recommended
Cowell, I.G. and C.A. Austin. 1997. cDNA Library Protocols. Humana Press, New Jersey. Fowler, EA. 1993. Techniques for Engineering Genes. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., UK. Freefelder, D. 1985. Essentials of Molecular Biology. Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi. Freifelder. D. 1982. Physical Biochemistry. Application to Biochemistry and MolecularBiology, 2nd Ed. W.H. Freemen and Company, San Fransisco. Glover, D.M., and B.D. Hames. 1995. DNA Cloning-1 Core Techniques: A Practical Approach.
Oxford University Press, New York. Gupta, P.K. 1997. Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India. Kjellssion, G., V. Simonsen, and K. Ammann. 1997. Methods for Risk Assessment of
Transgenic Plants. Birkhauser Verlag, Germany. Slater, R.J. 1990. Radioisotopes in Biology- A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, UK. Westhoff, P. 1998. Molecular Plant Development. Oxford University Press, New York. Williams, B.L., and K. Wilson. 1986. A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry, 3rd Ed. Edward Arnold Publisher.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 509: PLANT CELL, TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
Credit hrs 2+1 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Elective
Introduction: History, concepts, totipotency, importance, prospects, possibilities and limitations.
Laboratory Organization and Facilities: Lab design, sterile techniques, media kitchen, cell nutrition, media composition, growth factors.
Regeneration: Tissue differentiation, cytodifferantiation, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis.
Micropropagation: Techniques, clonal propagation of elite germplasm, shy rooters, recalcitrant and endangered species, micrografting, endogenous hormones.
Tissue Culture Techniques: Meristem culture for virus elimination and clean seed production. Embryo culture for embryo rescue in wide crosses. Production of triploid through endosperm culture.
Protoplast Culture: Protoplast isolation, fusion and culture, somatic hybridization. Selection systems for hybrids, asymmetric hybrids, production of hybrids and cybrids, and organellic recombinants. Role of protoplast culture and somatic hybridization for crop improvement.
Haploid Production: Haploid production and its significance, anther, pollen, ovary and ovule culture. Monoploid production through chromosome elimination. Role of haploids, monoploids, homozygous diploid and triploids in agriculture.
Variability in Plant Systems: Somaclonal variations and in vitro selection for biotic and abiotic stresses, isolation of useful mutants at cellular level chimeras for disease resistance, herbicide resistance and salt tolerance.
Cryopreservation: Cryopreservation and germplasm conservation. Cryobiology of plant cell cultures and establishment of plant banks, freeze preservation technology, revival of frozen cell, future prospects. Production and preservation of synthetic and artificial seeds.
Applications of Plant Tissue Culture: Crop improvement, plant cell culture for the production of useful secondary metabolites-pigments, perfumes, flavors and pharmacologically important compounds. Automation and robotics in plant tissue culture for its commercial application. Plant bioreactor, edible plant vaccines.
Books Recommended
Dixon, R.A. 1985. Plant Cell Culture. IRL Press, Washington D.C. Dixon, R.A. 1985. Plant Cell Culture: A Practical Approach. IRl Press, Washington D.C. Mantell, S.H., J. Mathew and R. A. Mckee. 1987. Principles of Plant Biotechnology. AnIntroduction of Genetic Engineering in PlSants. Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford. Naryanaswarmy, S. 1994. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub., New Delhi. Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India. Razdan. M.K. 1994. An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., London.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology
Biotech 510: ANIMAL CELL TECHNOLOGY
Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Elective
Concept: History, importance, prospect and limitation.
Laboratory Organization and Facilities: Lab design, sterile techniques, media kitchen, incubation facilities.
Culture Media and Procedures: Cell nutrition, media composition, growth factors, media, substrate, feeder layers, gas phase
Primary Culture: Disaggregation of tissue and primary culture; monolayer cell growth system, evolution of cell lines, large scale cell culture, somatic cell fusion.
Different Cultures: Cell, tissue and organ culture, embryo culture, tissue engineering.
IVF, ET and MOET: In vitro fertilization, embryo transfer and multiple ovulation embryo transfer, superovulation, embryo culture in farm animals
Bulk Culturing: Scale up of anchorage dependent and suspension cell culture, bioreactors for mass culture of mammalian cells, microcarrier culture and hybridoma technology.
Specialized Techniques: Cell synchronization, cell transformation, aminocentesis, flow cytometry, cell immobilization techniques, CEA production and its clinical applications, interferons derived from human cells.
Insect and Fish Cell Culture: Importance and procedures
Books Recommended
Butler, M. 1987. Animal Cell Technology-Principles and Practices, Oxford University Press,UK. Butler, M. 1991. Mammalian Cell Biotechnology-A Practical Approach, IRL, Oxford. Freshney, R.T. 1987. Culture of Animal Cells, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Freshney, R. T. 1987. Animal Cell Culture, IRL Press, Oxford. Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India. Spier, R.B. and Griffiths, J.B. 1990. Animal Cell Biotechnology, Academic Press, London.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 511: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOSAFETY Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); July-December Semester; Elective
Environmental Pollution: Origin and monitoring of different types of pollution, chemical and biological pollution indicators, assessment and analytical tools. Physical, chemical and biological treatment of wastewater/industrial toxic effluents and petrochemicals; development and optimization of membrane bioreactor process for use in sanitary and industrial sweage treatment. Utilization of renewable resources to energy and chemicals.
Recalcitrant Molecules: Recalcitrant molecules in the environment. Characterization of microbial activity and the biodegradation of recalcitrant substances including pesticides in soil. Microbial interactions with xenobiotics and inorganic pollutants. Persistence and biomagnification of xenobiotic molecules. Biodeterioration of materials and their control.
Biological Pest Control: Biological control of insects and pests; Biopesticide/insecticide, IPM.
Soil and Water: Bioremidiation of contaminated soil and water bodies. Water treatment system and measurement of treatment efficiency. Recent advances in culturable and non-culturable approaches for the detection of pathogens in potatble water.
Biotechnological Approaches: Application of biosensors for the detection of environmental pollutants, isolation and enrichment of microorganisms capable of detoxifying environmental pollutants, waste management, environmental and biotechnological approaches.
Biosafety: Risk for animal and Human-toxicity, and food quality/safety, allergies, pathogen drug resistance. Risk for Agriculture-weeds, super weeds, loss of biodiversity. Risk of pollution through pollen or seed disposal, transgene or promoter dispersion, new virus and microbes. Transgene instability. Regulation.
Ethics: Ethical issues, public acceptance, growers and consumers interest.
Books Recommended
Freefelder, D. 1985. Essentials of Molecular Biology. Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi.
Gupta, P.K. 1997. Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India.
Kjellssion, G., V. Simonsen, and K. Ammann. 1997. Methods for Risk Assessment of Transgenic Plants. Birkhauser Verlag, Germany.
Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India.
Stansfield, W.D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw Hill Co., New York.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in BiotechnologyBiotech 512: ENZYMOLOGY AND ENZYME TECHNOLOGY
Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; Elective
Introduction: History of enzymes, nomenclature and classification, extraction, assay and purification of enzyme, characterization and crystallization, units of activity, cofactors, coenzymes, prosthetic group and enzyme specificity. Nature of active sites, identification of functional groups at active sites, enzyme-substrate complex.
Mechanism of Enzyme Catalysis: Factors responsible for catalytic efficiency of enzymes i.e. proximity and orientation effects, enthalpy of intramolecular reactions, covalent catalysis, nucleophilic and electrophilic catalysis, manifestation of enzyme specificity in maximum velocities, induced fit hypothesis, strain and distortion theory, mechanism of action of selected enzymes i.e. chymotrypsin, lysozyme, papain, trypsin, ribonuclease.
Kinetics of Enzyme Catalysed Reactions: Michaelis-Menton hypothesis, transformations of Michaelis. Mention equation and determination of Km and Vmax, Haldane relationship, substrate inhibition and activation, Multireactant enzymes, King and Altman method of deriving steady-state velocity equations, random, ordered, Threol and Ping-pong mechanisms, enzyme inhibition i.e., reversible and irreversible inhibition, competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive, enzyme catalysed by temperature and pH
Regulation of Enzyme Activity: Enzyme induction and repression, covalent modification, isoenzymes and allostery .
Enzyme Technology: Large-scale technology of enzyme, immoblized enzymes and their applications; utilization of enzymes in industry, enzymes as analytical reagents, biosensor.
Books Recommended
Cunningham, C. and A.J.R. Porter. Recombinant Proteins form Plants. Humana Press, New Jersey.Dixon, M. and E.C. Webb. 1979. Enzymes, 3rd Ed. Academic Press, New York.
Fresht. 1985. Enzyme Structure and Mechanism, 2nd Ed. Freeman & Company, New York.
Jencks, W.P. 1969. Catalysis in Chemistry and Enzymology. McGraw Hill Book Co, USA.
Owen, R.R.L. and J. Pen. 1996. Transgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial and Pharmaceutical Proteins, British Library, UK.
Segal, L.H. 1975. Enzyme Kinetics, Wiley Interscience, USA.
Trever, P. 1981. Understanding of Enzymes. Ellis Horwood Ltd, UK.
Walsh, C. 1979. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, Freeman & Company, USA.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 513: BIOPHARMING & BIOENGINEERING Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; ElectivePharmaceuticals and Therapeutics:
Production of pharmaceuticals-isolation of interferon cDNAs; engineering human interferone and human growth hormone; optimizing gene expression. Enzymes-DNAase I and alginate lyase against cystic fibrosis. Monoclonal antibody as therapeutic agents, production of antibodies in E. coli, HIV therapeutic agents.Vaccines: Subunit vaccines- Herpes simplex virus, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis, peptide vaccines, genetic immunization, atteneuated vaccines, vector vaccines; edible vaccines in plants and animals.
Commercial Products from Recombinant Microorganisms: Small biomolecules–L-ascorbic acid, indigo, amino acids, antibiotics, biopolymers.
Biorecombination and Biomass Utilization: Microbial degradation of xenobiotics. Commercial production of fructose and alcohol; silage fermentation, utilization of cellulose.
Primary and Secondary Metabolites: Production of single cell protein from carbohydrates, n-alkanes, methane and methanol for use in food and feed. Liquid and gaseous fuel.
Industrial Products: Production of beer, wine, vinegar and distilled beverages, microbial food products, Use of immobilized cell systems for the production of industrially important chemicals, biomass utilization of food, fuels and chemicals. Role of microbes in dairy products, flavours, microbial ore leaching.
Fermentation Products: Microbiology and fermentation processes in antibiotics, alkaloids, amino acids, vitamins, single cell proteins and enzymes.
Books Recommended
Bu’lock, L. 1987. Basic Biotechnology. IRL, UK. Cunningham, C. and A.J.R. Porter. Recombinant Proteins form Plants. Humana Press, New
Jersey. Davis, P. 1976. Single Cell Protein. Oxford Univ.Press, USA. Draper, J., R. Scott and P. Armttage. 1988. Plant Genetic Transformation and Gene Expression.
Black Well Scientific Pub., London. Gibson, P.S. 1994. Microbial Degradation of Organic Compounds. McGraw Hill Co., New York. Henry, R.J. 1984. Practical Applications of Plant Molecular Biology. Chapman and Hall Pub.,
London. Owen, R.R.L. and J. Pen. 1996. Transgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial and
Pharmaceutical Proteins, British Library, UK. Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India. Reynolds, P.H.S. 1999. Inducible Gene Expression in Plant. CABI Publication, New York.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Syllabus for Master of Science in Biotechnology Biotech 514: IMMUNOLOGY & IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY Credit 2+0 (Marks 100); January-June Semester; ElectiveIntroduction
: Types of immunity, features of immune response-memory, Immune system.Cells and Organs of Immune System: Lymphoid cells, T-cells, B-cells, Null-cells, monocytes, polymorphos, primary and secondary lymphoid organs-thymus, bursa of fabricius spleen, lymph nodes.
Humoral Immunity: Antigen-antibody interactions, affinitty and avidity, high and low affinity antibodies, immunoglobulins, interferons, interleukins and their functions.
Immune Disorders and Diseases: Primary and secondary immunodeficiency; organ specific and ubiquotous autoimmune diseases.
Hybridoma Technology: Immunization of animals, isolation of stimulated spleen cells, myeloma cell lines, methods for fusion of myeloma cells with antibody producing B-cells; thymoma and use of monoclonal T-cell lines.
Vaccine Strategies: Conventional vaccines, viral vaccines, bacterial vaccines, peptide, vaccines, genetically engineered vaccines; anti-idiotype antibodies as vaccines. Chimeric/bispecific antibodies, cell/fusion and recombinant DNA technology.
Immunological Technique: Immunodiffusion and electro-immuno diffusion, ELISA, RIA, Immuno blotting, histo-immunochemical staining method(s).
Immunity and Immunoprophylaxis: Immunity to viruses, bacteria, parasites, regulation of immuneresponse in parasitic diseases. Vaccines against malaria, Lesmaniasis, Schistosomiasis and filariasis.
Books Recommended
Austyn, J.M. and K.J. Wood. 1993. Principles of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Oxford
Univ. Press, New York. Delves P.J. 1994. Cellular Immunology, Bios Scientific Pub., Oxford. Kuby, J. 1992. Immunology W.H. Freeman and Co., New York. Paul W.E. 1995. Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Ed. Raveen Press, New York. Roitt, I.M., J. Brostoff and D.K. Male. 1989. Immunology, Grower Medical Pub., New York. Spier R.E. and J.B. Friffiths. 1990. Animal Cell Biotechnology, Academic Press, New York. Purohit, S.S, and S.K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Agro’s Botanical Publishers, India.
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